Copper engraving, 360 x 470 mm, hand-colored in the period, from *Civitates Orbis Terrarum*, a landmark work of landscape art, published in various editions from 1572 to ca. 1615 in 6 volumes. A splendid plan of the nine-pointed star-shaped fortress city, a unique masterpiece of Renaissance military architecture, built by the Republic of Venice in 1593. Its perfect geometric layout, with bastions, ravelins, and lunettes, makes it an exceptional example of the ideal “war machine.” Georg Braun (1541–1622) was a learned theologian who undertook numerous journeys for religious and political purposes, during which he gathered a vast amount of anthropological and geographical material. Franz Hogenberg (c. 1540–c. 1590) was a skilled Flemish engraver. After collaborating with Ortelius on the “Theatrum Orbis Terrarum,” he was banished from the Netherlands and moved to Cologne, where he continued his work as an engraver. The two collaborated for several years, producing their most famous work, the “Civitates Orbis Terrarum.” An excellent specimen with German text describing the view on the reverse, with the usual narrow margins on two sides